IELTS雅思考试8月11日真题机经考回解析

IELTS雅思考试8月11日真题机经考回解析

雅思听力

　　场景话题：

　　P1澳洲旅游/P2一群实习生讲述Renaldo电流的介绍/P3两个学生讨论问题/P4医院修建花园对病人的影响

　　P1填空+选择/P2填空/P3选择+配对/P4填空

　　老师点评

　　本场考试难度正常，填空题出现在P1、P2、P4。答案（仅供参考）如下：

　　1.Thorn

　　2.5 days

　　3.Gold Coast

　　4.apartment

　　5-7单选

　　C Waterworld

　　A crocodiles

　　C shopping center

　　8-10多选

　　B playroom

　　E laundry

　　F cleaning

　　11.cars

　　12.1928

　　13.cinema

　　14.quality

　　15.factory

　　16.waste

　　17.safety

　　18.website

　　19.customers

　　20.money

　　21-25选择

　　21.A

　　22.B

　　23.A

　　24.B

　　25.C

　　26-30配对

　　26.E

　　27.C

　　28.B

　　29.D

　　30.A

　　31.infection

　　32.wall

　　33.stress

　　34.heart

　　35.immune system

　　36.interview

　　37.fountain

　　38.furniture

　　39.birds

　　40.society

　　本场考试难度正常，填空题在P1、P2、P4都出现了，考察的词汇整体不难；P1是澳洲旅游，旅游场景一直是P1的高频场景，剑桥真题也可以找到类似的练习，可以针对这个场景进行练习，总结常见考点及场景词；P2也出现了填空。对于大多数考生来说，面对填空题应该比选择题更有信心，本次考察的词汇也比较基础；P3的题型组合是选择+配对，是P3最常见的题型组合，这样的组合题一定要多练习。选择题审题时注意简化选项信息，留下这个选项区别于其他选项的核心特征；配对题定位相对不难，考察的是答案句和选项的同义替换。在做配对题的时候，需要同时对题干、选项和录音三组信息进行对应，难免有手忙脚乱的感觉，因此预先审题非常重要，抓住关键词，有助于捕捉答案句中的关键信息；P4仍然是笔记填空，infection和immune system可能有考生不熟悉，平时复习中还要注意积累词汇，尤其是单词“发音”，一定要熟悉。

　　考试建议

　　1.场景方面：场景方面依然是主流场景（咨询、旅游生活场景、课程讨论、学科探讨和讲座），在接下来的考试中，考生还应将重点放在P1咨询，租房，旅游，找工作；P2旅游，活动及公共场所设施介绍；P3课程讨论及论文写作；P4各类学科探讨和讲座。雅思听力

　　2.题型：题型方面，P1、P4注意填空题。P1场景简单并且比较固定，考试之前需要把P1的高频场景词汇都过一遍，这样在考试的时候才能更快调动相关的场景词。另外，记忆听力单词要做听写练习，建立发音和单词的联系，提高自己的反应速度；P4的场景注意练习商业、社科、动植物、科技类（参考练习：剑10 Test2 Section、剑8 Test3 Section4；剑13 Test2 Section 4、剑7 Test2 Section4；剑9 Test4 Section4、剑9 Test1 Section4；剑10 Test4 Section4），多积累场景词汇及同义替换；P2、P3还是以单选/多选和配对为主，注意地图题仍然有可能出现，注意通过做题积累位置和方位的表述（参考练习：剑14 Test 2 Section2；剑13 Test1 Section1）。选择题在平时做题的过程中注意干扰项的排除，总结干扰项的类型，积累同义替换，坚持做精听练习，才能更好地应对这类题目（参考练习：剑8 Test2 Section3；剑9 Test1 Section 3；剑11 Test1 Section3）；配对题注意积累同义替换表达（参考练习：剑10 Test2 Section2；剑14 Test4 Section3）。3.机经：如需参考机经，以2016-2020年机经为主。

IELTS雅思考试8月11日真题机经考回解析

　　雅思阅读

　　P1植物气味

　　P2通过研究以前的航海日志研究气候变化

　　P3尝试破译一本古代的手稿（Voynich Manuscript）

　　老师点评

　　1.本场考试的难度较难。

　　2.整体分析：涉及植物类（P1）、环境类（P2）、社科类（P3）。

　　本次考试话题较为晦涩，理解难度大。第一篇文章抛弃了传统的填空题+单选题题型搭配，在第一篇就考察了配对题+判断题+选择题题型。考生普遍反应三篇文章阅读耗时长，定位困难，读不懂文章。考生在平时复习时一定夯实基础，积累生词和替换词，提升长难句理解能力，从根本上提升阅读实力。

　　3.部分答案及参考文章：

　　Passage 1：植物气味

　　题型：配对题+判断题+选择题

　　A

　　Everyone is familiar with scented flowers,and many people have heard that floral odors help the plant attract pollinators.This common notion is mostly correct,but it is surprising how little scientific proof of it exists.Of course,not all flowers are pollinated by biological agents–for example,many grasses are wind-pollinated–but the flowers of the grasses may still emit volatiles.In fact,plants emit organic molecules all the time,although they may not be obvious to the human nose.As for flower scents that we can detect with our noses,bouquets that attract moths and butterflies generally smell“sweet,”and those that attract certain flies seem“rotten”to us.

　　B

　　The release of volatiles from vegetative parts of the plant is familiar,although until recently the physiological functions of these chemicals were less clear and had received much less attention from scientists.When the trunk of a pine tree is injured–for example,when a beetle tries to burrow into it–it exudes a very smelly resin.This resin consists mostly of terpenes–hydrocarbons with a backbone of 10,15 or 20 carbons that may also contain atoms of oxygen.The heavier C20 terpenes,called diterpenes,are glue-like and can cover and immobilize insects as they plug the hole.This defense mechanism is as ancient as it is effective:Many samples of fossilized resin,or amber,contain the remains of insects trapped inside.Many other plants emit volatiles when injured,and in some case,the emitted signal helps defend the plant.For example,(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate,which is known as a“green leaf volatile”because it is emitted by many plants upon injury,deters females of the moth Heliothis virescens from laying eggs on injured tobacco plants.Interestingly,the profile of emitted tobacco volatiles is different at night than during the day,and it is the nocturnal blend,rich in several(Z)-3-hexen-1-olesters,that is most effective in repelling the night-active H.virescens moths.

　　C

　　Herbivore induced volatiles often serve as indirect defenses.These bulwarks exist in a variety of plant species,including corn,beans,and the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana.Plants not only emit volatiles acutely,at the site where caterpillars,mites,aphids or similar insects are eating them but also generally from non-damaged parts of the plant.These signals attract a variety of predatory insects that prey on the plant-eaters.For example,some parasitic wasps can detect the volatile signature of a damaged plant and will lay their eggs inside the offending caterpillar;eventually,the wasp eggs hatch,and the emerging larvae feed on the caterpillar from the inside hatch,and the emerging larvae feed on the caterpillar from the inside out.The growth of infected caterpillars is retarded considerably,to the benefit of the plant.Similarly,volatiles released by plants in response to herbivore egg laying can attract parasites of the eggs,thereby preventing them from hatching and avoiding the onslaught of hungry herbivores that would have emerged.Plant volatiles can also be used as a kind of currency in some very indirect defensive schemes.In the rainforest understory tree Leonardoxa Africana,ants of the species Petalomyrmex phylax patrol young leaves and attack any herbivorous insects that they encounter.The young leaves emit high levels of the volatile compound methyl salicylate,a compound that the ants use either as a pheromone or as an antiseptic in their nests.It appears that methyl salicylate is both an attractant and a reward offered by the tree to get the ants to perform this valuable deterrent role.

　　D

　　Floral scent has a strong impact on the economic success of many agricultural crops that rely on insect pollinators,including fruit trees such as the bee-pollinated cherry,apple,apricot and peach,as well as vegetables and tropical plants such as papaya.Pollination not only affects crop yield,but also the quality and efficiency of crop production.Many crops require most,if not all,ovules to be fertilized for optimum fruit size and shape.A decrease in fragrance emission reduces the ability of flowers to attract pollinators and results in considerable losses for growers,particularly for introduced species that had a specialized pollinator in their place of origin.This problem has been exacerbated by recent disease epidemics that have killed many honeybees,the major insect pollinators in the United States.

　　E

　　One means by which plant breeders circumvent the pollination problem is by breeding self-compatible,or apomictic,varieties that do not require fertilization.Although this solution is adequate,its drawbacks include near genetic uniformity and consequent susceptibility to pathogens.Some growers have attempted to enhance honeybee foraging by spraying scent compounds on orchard trees,but this approach was costly,had to be repeated,had potentially toxic effects on the soil or local biota,and,in the end,proved to be inefficient.The poor effectiveness of this strategy probably reflects inherent limitations of the artificial,topically applied compounds,which clearly fail to convey the appropriate message to the bees.For example,general spraying of the volatile mixture cannot tell the insects where exactly the blossoms are.Clearly,a more refined strategy is needed.The ability to enhance existing floral scent,which could all be accomplished by genetic engineering,would allow us to manipulate the types of insect pollinators and the frequency of their visits.Moreover,the metabolic engineering of fragrance could increase crop protection against pathogens and pests.

　　F

　　Genetic manipulation of the scent will also benefit the floriculture industry.Ornamentals,including cut flowers,foliage and potted plants,play an important aesthetic role in human life.Unfortunately,traditional breeding has often produced cultivars with improved vase life,shipping characteristics,color and shape while sacrificing desirable perfumes.The loss of scent among ornamentals,which have a worldwide value of more than$30 billion,makes them important targets for the genetic manipulation of flower fragrance.Some work has already begun in this area,as several groups have created petunia and carnation plants that express the linalool synthase gene from C.Breweri.These experiments are still preliminary:For technical reasons,the gene was expressed everywhere in the plant,and although the transgenic plants did create small amounts of linalool,the level was below the threshold of detection for the human nose.Similar experiments in tobacco used genes for other monoterpene synthases,such as the one that produces limonene,but gave similar results. 雅思阅读

　　G

　　The next generation of experiments,already in progress,includes sophisticated schemes that target the expression of scent genes specifically to flowers or other organs–such as special glands that can store antimicrobial or herbivore–repellent compounds.

　　参考答案

　　1.B

　　2.A

　　3.F

　　4.C

　　5.TRUE

　　6.NOT GIVEN

　　7.TRUE

　　8.FALSE

　　9.B

　　10.B

　　11.C

　　12.D

　　13.A

　　Passage 2：通过研究以前的航海日志研究气候变化

　　具体文章题型和参考答案待确认

　　Passage 3：尝试破译一本古代的手稿

　　具体文章题型和参考答案待确认

　　考试建议

　　1.从已知信息来看，阅读速度依旧是影响考生得分的关键。同时，最近考试常常考察选择题型，该题型相对来说对细节要求更高，耗时更长。如果平时烤鸭没有太关注选择题的话，可以参考练习10-4-3，11-2-3，11-4-2，12-3-3，12-4-2，13-1-3。下场考试，烤鸭们还是注意首篇出现填空+判断的篇章。第二篇注意出现配对题相关的搭配。课下练习注意时间分配合理，熟练掌握各个题型和篇章搭配类型的定位方法。同时，下场考试注意List of Headings题型可能会出现，重点注意常见段落结构如何区分主次信息，抽象选项和原文信息如何识别出对应点。填空题除了高频直接填空外，还需关注选词填空。3.重点浏览2016到2021年机经。

IELTS雅思考试8月11日真题机经考回解析

雅思写作

　　小作文：地图题

　　大作文：In more and more countries,people choose to give money on special occasions rather than giving gifts chosen personally.Why might this be the case?Is it a positive or a negative development?

　　老师点评

　　1.本次考试难度较低。

　　2.整体分析：

　　Task 1：地图题(对比1760年火山喷发前后小岛的变化)

　　注意：1.本题为动态地图题，描述火山喷发前后小岛的变化，考生们需要掌握如何描述变化，以及如何在不同的变化之间自然地衔接与过渡，逻辑思路要清晰。2.注意介词的用法和时态的准确性。3.词句表达要准确，并尝试从主语出发提升句子的多样性。

　　相关表达：

　　...be located+方位

　　...be situated+方位

　　...lie+方位

　　There be...+方位

　　...be replaced by...

　　...substitute for...

　　Task 2：社会生活类话题

　　题目翻译：在越来越多的国家，在某些特殊场合，人们选择送钱而不是送自己挑选的礼物。为什么会这样？这是积极的还是消极的发展？

　　从话题上来说，属于社会生活类话题，考生可以运用平时对此话题的积累加以论证。

　　从类型上来说，属于report类文章。

　　可以采取四段式的写法：

　　第一段：题目改写。

　　第二段：人们选择送钱而不是送自己挑选的礼物的原因。

　　第三段：这是一个消极的发展+论证

　　第四段：总结段-对主体段内容略加总结并延伸。

　　题目思路：

　　主体段1:人们选择送钱而不是送自己挑选的礼物的原因。雅思写作

　　在一些国家，金钱送礼是一种传统习俗(custom)，寓意着某家大事要办的时候互相帮衬，凑一些钱来办事例如婚礼，生日等。之后互相回礼（send a return present/reciprocate），所以金钱礼物也好做记录和整理。Also,现在大家生活水平(living standards)都有提升，与其送大家不需要的礼物，不如送钱，让人们自己去选择要买的东西，可能更实在。Besides,现在很多关系都可以用钱来衡量(be measured in terms of money)，送礼的多少标志着重视程度。所以大家习惯了(get accustomed to)这样的送礼模式。

　　主体段2:这是一个消极的发展+论证

　　金钱礼物可能会逐渐将人们的送礼情谊(love)物化(objectify)。从而淡化了人与人之间的情谊。礼金高低逐渐可能会导致攀比的风气（make unrealistic comparison with others），甚至有可能夹杂不合法的送礼(illegality)。

　　考试建议

　　1.小作文：重点关注线图、柱图、表格和饼图。

　　2.大作文：重点关注科技、社会、教育类话题；积极还是消极的发展作文今年出现较多，需要稍加注意。

　　3.重点浏览2021年写作机经，可借助《高分范文书》第8版经典旧题来复习。

IELTS雅思考试8月11日真题机经考回解析

雅思口语

　　老师点评

　　Part 1:

　　Part 1作为第一部分热身环节，也要认真准备，记得有逻辑地说话。不管怎么样的提问方式，一定最先直接回应题目。除了Introduction的问题以外，考官会抽取3-4话题，每个话题3-4个问题，每个题目需要20-25s。雅思口语

　　Part2：

　　千万不要背答案，在这个环节，需要多多注意语音语调的起伏哦，适当说一些discourse marker。可以充分利用准备的1分钟时间，写出20-30个关键词，从而梳理自己的答题框架哦。说的时候需要1:45-2:00的素材内容，大概200个单词左右。这个季度上新的物品类话题偏多，需要注意合理地话题合并，给自己减轻压力哦。